Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2006) - New Zealand (2003)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2006) z New Zealand (2003)

	British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)	New Zealand (2003)

Administrative divisions	-	16 regions; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington, West Coast
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 21.9% (male 443,837; female 423,118) 15-64 years: 66.5% (male 1,318,751; female 1,307,796) 65 years and over: 11.6% (male 199,722; female 258,083) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish
Airports	1 (2006)	113 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)	total: 46 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 28 under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 67 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 26 under 914 m: 39 (2002)
Area	total: 54,400 sq km land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km water: 54,340 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands	total: 268,680 sq km land: NA sq km water: NA sq km note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
Area - comparative	land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC	about the size of Colorado
Background	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.	The Polynesian Maori reached New Zealand in about A.D. 800. In 1840, their chieftains entered into a compact with Britain, the Treaty of Waitangi, in which they ceded sovereignty to Queen Victoria while retaining territorial rights. In that same year, the British began the first organized colonial settlement. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand's full participation in a number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years, the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances.
Birth rate	-	14.14 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $29.2 billion expenditures: $31.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002)
Capital	-	Wellington
Climate	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds	temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Coastline	698 km	15,134 km
Constitution	-	consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Country name	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT	conventional long form: none conventional short form: New Zealand abbreviation: NZ
Currency	-	New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate	-	7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	-	$33 billion (2002 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London	-
Dependent areas	-	Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Charles J. SWINDELLS embassy: 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington mailing address: P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, APO AP 96531-1034 telephone: [64] (4) 462-6000 FAX: [64] (4) 472-3478 consulate(s) general: Auckland
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador L. John WOOD chancery: 37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 328-4800 FAX: [1] (202) 667-5227 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York
Disputes - international	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001 the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1965 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest island in the chain;	territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)
Economic aid - donor	-	ODA, $99.7 million
Economy - overview	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The country makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.	Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, transforming New Zealand from an agrarian economy dependent on concessionary British market access to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes (but left behind many at the bottom of the ladder), broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. While per capita incomes have been rising, however, they remain below the level of the four largest EU economies, and there is some government concern that New Zealand is not closing the gap. New Zealand is heavily dependent on trade - particularly in agricultural products - to drive growth, and it has been affected by the global economic slowdown and the slump in commodity prices. Thus far the New Zealand economy has been relatively resilient, although growth may slow to 2.5% in 2003.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	34.88 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military	37.51 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 31.6% hydro: 57.8% nuclear: 0% other: 10.7% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups	-	New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4%
Exchange rates	-	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.16 (2002), 2.38 (2001), 2.2 (2000), 1.89 (1999), 1.87 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Helen CLARK (since 10 December 1999) and Deputy Prime Minister Michael CULLEN (since NA July 2002) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Exports	-	30,220 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	dairy products, meat, wood and wood products, fish, machinery
Exports - partners	-	Australia 20.3%, US 15.5%, Japan 11.5%, UK 4.8%, China 4.6%, South Korea 4.4% (2002)
Fiscal year	-	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $78.4 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 8% industry: 23% services: 69% (2001)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $20,100 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	3.3% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E	41 00 S, 174 00 E
Geography - note	archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility	about 80% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world
Heliports	-	1 (2002)
Highways	-	total: 92,053 km paved: 57,809 km (including at least 190 km of expressways) unpaved: 34,244 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 0.3% highest 10%: 29.8% (1991 est.)
Imports	-	119,700 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics
Imports - partners	-	Australia 22.1%, US 13.6%, Japan 12%, China 8%, Germany 5.2% (2002)
Independence	-	26 September 1907 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	3% (2001 est.)
Industries	-	food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 6.07 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	2.7% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	-	ABEDA, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, C, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMISET, UNMOP, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	36 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km	2,850 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	-	High Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	-	1.92 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	services 65%, industry 25%, agriculture 10% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 5.8% permanent crops: 6.44% other: 87.76% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	English (official), Maori (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for the Maori; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch	-	unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats; 69 members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies including 7 Maori constituencies, and 51 proportional seats chosen from party lists, all to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 27 July 2002 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NZLP 52, NP 27, NZFP 13, ACT New Zealand 9, Green Party 9, UF 8, other 2
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 78.32 years male: 75.34 years female: 81.44 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% (1980 est.) male: NA% female: NA%
Location	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
Map references	Political Map of the World	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 69,685 GRT/106,627 DWT ships by type: bulk 3, cargo 2, container 1, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016	-
Military branches	-	New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$605.7 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 1,021,770 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 859,505 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	20 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 26,803 (2003 est.)
National holiday	-	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	-	noun: New Zealander(s) adjective: New Zealand
Natural hazards	NA	earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity
Natural resources	coconuts, fish, sugarcane	natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone
Net migration rate	-	4.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 2,213 km; liquid petroleum gas 79 km; oil 160 km; refined products 304 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	-	ACT New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Alliance (a coalition of the New Labor Party, Democratic Party, New Zealand Liberal Party, and Mana Motuhake) [James (Jim) ANDERTON]; Green Party [Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD]; National Party or NP [Don BRASH]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; United Future or UF [Peter DUNNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2006 est.)	3,951,307 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	1.09% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998)
Railways	-	total: 3,898 km narrow gauge: 3,898 km 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified) (2002)
Religions	-	Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)	general assessment: excellent domestic and international systems domestic: NA international: submarine cables to Australia and Fiji; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	1.92 million (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	2.2 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)	predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains
Total fertility rate	-	1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	5.3% (2002 est.)
Waterways	-	1,609 km note: of little importance in satisfying total transportation requirements

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